Epub ISBN: 9781448129782
Quelle
| Format | Veröffentlichung | Link |
|---|---|---|
| Buch | 2017 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behave_(book) |
Wahrgenommen von Heinrichsgeist: 2022. Zitate auf dieser Seite beziehen sich auf diese Quelle, sofern nicht anders gekennzeichnet (Zitationszweck: Anschauliche Hervorhebung ausgewählter Passagen).
Interessant
Wikipedia about Behave
The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst is a 2017 non-fiction book by Robert Sapolsky. It describes how various biological processes influence human behavior, on scales ranging from less than a second before an action to thousands of years before. " — English Wikipedia1
Two - One Second Before
Simple “triune brain” model:
WE START BY considering the brain’s macroorganization, using a model proposed in the 1960s by the neuroscientist Paul MacLean.1 His “triune brain” model conceptualizes the brain as having three functional domains:
Layer 1: An ancient part of the brain, at its base, found in species from humans to geckos. This layer mediates automatic, regulatory functions. If body temperature drops, this brain region senses it and commands muscles to shiver. If blood glucose levels plummet, that’s sensed here, generating hunger. If an injury occurs, a different loop initiates a stress response.
Layer 2: A more recently evolved region that has expanded in mammals. MacLean conceptualized this layer as being about emotions, somewhat of a mammalian invention. If you see something gruesome and terrifying, this layer sends commands down to ancient layer 1, making you shiver with emotion. If you’re feeling sadly unloved, regions here prompt layer 1 to generate a craving for comfort food. If you’re a rodent and smell a cat, neurons here cause layer 1 to initiate a stress response.
Layer 3: The recently evolved layer of neocortex sitting on the upper surface of the brain. Proportionately, primates devote more of their brain to this layer than do other species. Cognition, memory storage, sensory processing, abstractions, philosophy, navel contemplation. Read a scary passage of a book, and layer 3 signals layer 2 to make you feel frightened, prompting layer 1 to initiate shivering. See an ad for Oreos and feel a craving—layer 3 influences layers 2 and 1. Contemplate the fact that loved ones won’t live forever, or kids in refugee camps, or how the Na’vis’ home tree was destroyed by those jerk humans in Avatar (despite the fact that, wait, Na’vi aren’t real!), and layer 3 pulls layers 2 and 1 into the picture, and you feel sad and have the same sort of stress response that you’d have if you were fleeing a lion.
Thus we’ve got the brain divided into three functional buckets, with the usual advantages and disadvantages of categorizing a continuum. The biggest disadvantage is how simplistic this is. [..] Despite these drawbacks, which MacLean himself emphasized, this model will be a good organizing metaphor for us.
THE LIMBIC SYSTEM
Central to layer 2 is the limbic system
Limbic function is now recognized as central to the emotions that fuel our best and worst behaviors, and extensive research has uncovered the functions of its structures (e.g., the amygdala, hippocampus, septum, habenula, and mammillary bodies).